Thứ Tư, 20 tháng 11, 2024
Thứ Bảy, 26 tháng 10, 2024
Thứ Ba, 30 tháng 1, 2024
Reading practice - Matching names 3
Concrete alternatives
The push for innovation in the construction industry,
driven by concerns about the environmental impact of traditional concrete, is
gaining momentum. Concrete, a fundamental building material, contributes
significantly to global warming, generating 8% of annual carbon dioxide
emissions. Scientists, the U.S. government, and the concrete industry are
actively seeking alternatives to address these environmental issues.
Mija Hubler, co-director of the Center for Infrastructure,
Energy, and Space Testing at the University of Colorado, notes a surge in
innovation over the past five years. The government's focus on environmental
changes, such as rising sea levels, has spurred this movement, along with
growing interest from home builders. Engineers are particularly enthusiastic
about catering to home builders, as it aligns with their passion.
Hubler is working on a groundbreaking project to develop
self-healing concrete, designed to repair existing structures without the need
for demolition. Other concrete innovations and alternatives are also expected
to emerge in the market in the next year or two, following current
demonstration projects.
Key reasons for considering concrete alternatives include
the carbon-intensive nature of cement, the primary component of concrete, which
involves super-heating limestone using fossil fuels. The resulting carbon
dioxide emissions, combined with the environmental impact of transporting heavy
materials, contribute to the environmental concerns surrounding concrete.
Concrete alternatives address various issues, such as crack
resistance, with some options offering better tensile strength. These
alternatives can be molded like concrete but behave more like wood, allowing
for unique architectural designs. Additionally, certain technologies draw
inspiration from traditional earthen concepts like adobe, modernized for
commercial viability. These alternatives provide improved temperature
regulation, reducing the need for excessive energy consumption in heating and cooling.
Furthermore, according to Minagor Soras, a leading engineer
at Aptos Construction, greener concrete alternatives alleviate environmental
damage caused by quarrying limestone for cement, which disrupts landscapes and
leads to dust pollution. Concrete production is also water-intensive,
accounting for a significant portion of global industrial water use. The
development of eco-friendly concrete alternatives aims to mitigate these
environmental concerns while offering viable options for home building and
improvement projects.
Hempcrete, made from hemp plant cores mixed with lime,
sand, and water, is a lightweight and eco-friendly alternative to concrete.
“While not suitable for foundations or load-bearing walls, it excels for
interior walls, prefab panels, bricks, cinder blocks, and insulation”, notes
Soras. With an insulation R-value of 2.4 to 4.8, it surpasses fiberglass batts.
Hempcrete is carbon-negative, sequestering CO2 during plant growth and
installation, and it uses less water than concrete. Prices vary but are
generally higher than standard concrete.
Compressed Earth Blocks are modern alternatives to
traditional methods, incorporating fibers, bamboo, or rebar for strength.
“Environmentally conscious, they are unfired, lack lime, and often use locally
sourced materials, potentially being cost-competitive with concrete”, says
Novak Angler, the prosfessor of Construction at Havard University.
Green concretes like Ashcrete (using fly ash) and Fiber
Cement (using wood pulp) replace energy-intensive materials. Ashcrete,
reminiscent of ancient Roman practices, is strong, quick-curing, and
cost-effective. Fiber cement, used in roofing and siding, resists cracking and
warping.
“Ferrock, made from 95% recycled materials, is a
carbon-negative concrete alternative up to five times stronger than regular
concrete”, emphasizes Amstrong Green of AbitZ construction comany. It has
better compressive strength and flexibility, suitable for various applications,
including earthquake-prone regions. Availability is limited, but it's
environmentally friendly.
Mycelium structures, grown from fungi fibers, offer a
lightweight, versatile, fire, water, and mold-resistant material that is
self-healing. While not widely available, it can be grown for walkways,
driveways, and bricks. Biomass ingredients like fungi and bacteria are also
used as binders in traditional cements.
Questions
1-4
Look at the following
statements (Questions 1-4) and the list of people below.
Match each statement with
the correct person, A, B, C or D.
Write the correct letter,
A, B, C or D, in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet.
NB You may use any letter more than once.
1. This alternative works well with some tasks but cannot be used for others.
2. This kind of new alternatives may be cheaper than conventional concrete.
3. Creating new concrete alternatives increased during a certain period of time.
4. More sustainable substitutes to concrete limit ecological damage.
List of people
A. Novak Angler
B. Mija Hubler
C. Minagor Soras
Reading practice - Matching names 2
Concrete and its alternatives
Concrete, a fundamental component of contemporary
construction practices, finds itself under intense scrutiny due to its adverse
environmental impact. In the relentless pursuit of sustainable building
materials, a cohort of dedicated scientists and industry experts has embarked
on an exploration of inventive alternatives. This article endeavors to
illuminate the discourse by presenting profound insights from five
distinguished figures, each contributing a distinctive perspective to the
ongoing quest for eco-friendly construction materials.
Alex Thompson, an esteemed engineering professor at Imperial
College London, emphasizes the magnitude of global concrete usage. While
acknowledging that concrete itself is not inherently high-carbon, Thompson
accentuates the environmental repercussions stemming from its staggering volume
in construction projects. "Concrete is not a high-carbon product. Cement
is high carbon, but concrete is not. However, it is the sheer scale of its usage
that renders it high carbon. The enormity of the manufacturing process is the
crux of the issue," he expounds. Thompson passionately underscores the
imperative for alternatives capable of matching concrete's efficiency on a
grand scale.
Mia Johnson, the Vice President of Stora Enso, Europe's
premier supplier of cross-laminated timber, delves into the escalating global
demand for wooden construction. Johnson discerns that concerns about climate
change are compelling architects to consider treated timber as a sustainable
resource. "Wooden buildings can be erected at a greater speed than those
made of concrete and steel, and the process is quieter," she points out.
However, Johnson concedes that treated wood has its limitations, underscoring
the need for proven success across a diverse array of construction projects to
firmly establish it as a bona fide alternative to concrete.
Evan Miller, representing the UK’s Green Building Council,
delves into alternatives such as fly ash and iron-ore slag. These waste
products hold the promise of being incorporated into concrete mixes to curtail
greenhouse gas emissions. Nevertheless, Miller cautiously remarks, "It's
conceivable to replace the cement content in concrete with waste products to
diminish the overall carbon impact, but a myriad of calculations must be
considered throughout the entire life cycle of the building." He places
significant emphasis on factoring in elements like transportation, as they
could significantly influence the overall perspective on carbon reduction.
Taking a broader perspective, Olivia Walker and Liam Turner
of the UK’s Royal Institute of International Affairs offer an encompassing view
of innovation in the concrete industry. They highlight that while novel cements
have been under discussion within the research community for over a decade,
they face formidable challenges. "Presently, these alternatives are seldom
as cost-effective as conventional cement, and they encounter raw-material
shortages and resistance from customers," they conclude. This insightful
observation brings to light the intricate complexities associated with
introducing new materials into the construction industry and emphasizes the
necessity of overcoming economic and market challenges.
Revisiting Alex Thompson's perspective, he accentuates the
extraordinary properties of concrete, including its moldability and synergy
with steel, rendering replication a formidable challenge. "Concrete is an
extraordinary material. Producing anything with similar properties is bound to
be exceedingly difficult," he asserts. Thompson underscores the vital role
of innovation and human ingenuity in the development of alternatives capable of
matching concrete's unparalleled versatility and strength.
Questions 1-5
Look at the following statements (Questions 9-13) and the
list of people below.
Match each statement with the correct person, A, B, C or D.
Write the correct letter, A, B, C or D, in boxes 9-13 on
your answer sheet.
NB You may use any letter more than once.
1. Multiple calculations should be taken into consideration
when other materials are used to replace cement.
2. Producing any material sharing comparable qualities with
concrete will undoubtedly be very challenging.
3. Other alternative materials are often more expensive than
traditional cement.
4. A component of concrete is high-carbon, not concrete
itself.
5. Timber, which is treated, has its own weeknesses in
construction practices.
List of People
A Alex Thompson
B Mia Johnson
C Evan Miller
D Olivia Walker
and Liam Turner
Thứ Ba, 16 tháng 1, 2024
Reading practice - Matching names 1
Navigating
Sustainable Construction: Unveiling Alternatives to Concrete
Concrete, an integral part of modern construction, is facing
scrutiny due to its environmental impact. In the pursuit of sustainable
building materials, scientists and industry experts are exploring innovative
alternatives. This article presents insights from five key figures, each
offering a unique perspective on the quest for eco-friendly construction
materials.
Chris Cheeseman, an engineering professor at Imperial College
London, underscores the global scale of concrete usage. While acknowledging
that concrete itself is not inherently high-carbon, Cheeseman emphasizes the
environmental impact due to its sheer volume in construction. "Concrete is
not a high-carbon product. Cement is high carbon, but concrete is not. But it
is the scale on which it is used that makes it high carbon. The sheer scale of
manufacture is so huge; that is the issue," he says. Cheeseman stresses
the necessity for alternatives that can match concrete's efficiency on a large
scale.
Markus Mannstrom, Vice President of Stora Enso, Europe's leading
supplier of cross-laminated timber, discusses the increasing global demand for
wooden construction. Mannstrom notes that climate change concerns are driving
architects to consider treated timber as a resource. "Wooden buildings can
be constructed at a greater speed than concrete and steel, and the process is
quieter," he highlights. However, Mannstrom acknowledges that treated wood
has limitations and underscores the need for proven success in a variety of
construction projects to establish it as a genuine alternative to concrete.
Anna Surgenor, representing the UK’s Green Building Council,
delves into alternatives like fly ash and iron-ore slag. These waste products
can be incorporated into concrete mixes to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
However, Surgenor cautions, "It's possible to replace the cement content
in concrete with waste products to lower the overall carbon impact, but there
are several calculations that need to be considered across the entire life
cycle of the building." She emphasizes the importance of considering
factors like transportation, as it could affect the overall carbon reduction
perspective.
Felix Preston and Johanna Lehne of the UK’s Royal Institute of
International Affairs offer an overarching view of innovation in the concrete
industry. They note that while novel cements have been discussed for over a
decade within the research community, they face challenges. "At present,
these alternatives are rarely as cost-effective as conventional cement, and
they face raw-material shortages and resistance from customers," they
conclude. This insight highlights the complexities of introducing new materials
into the construction industry and the need for overcoming economic and market
challenges.
Returning to Chris Cheeseman, he highlights the remarkable
properties of concrete, including its moldability and the synergy with steel,
making it challenging to replicate. "Concrete is amazing stuff. Making
anything with similar properties is going to be very difficult," he notes.
Cheeseman underscores the necessity for innovation and human ingenuity to
develop alternatives that can match concrete's versatility and strength.
Questions 6-13
Look at the following statements (Questions 9-13) and the list of
people below.
Match each statement with the correct person, A, B, C or D.
Write the correct letter, A, B, C or D,
in boxes 9-13 on your answer sheet.
NB
You may use any letter more than once.
1. Although it is not as high-carbon as cement due to its large
manufacturing scale, concrete still has a significant level of carbon.
2. The poor response to the creation of new cements has been
partially explained by high expense.
3. It would be challenging to develop a concrete substitute for
construction that provides so many equivalent advantages.
4. Compared to concrete and steel, wooden houses can be built
faster and more silently.
5. The significance of taking transportation into account because
it may have an impact on the bigger picture on decreasing carbon emissions.
List of
People
A Chris Cheeseman
B Markus Mannstrom
C Anna Surgenor
D Felix Preston and
Johanna Lehne
Thứ Tư, 10 tháng 1, 2024
IELTS READING PRACTICE- PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
|
"Physical activity is an
indispensable component of a healthy lifestyle, playing a pivotal role in
promoting overall well-being and preventing a myriad of health issues. This
essay will delve into the multifaceted benefits of engaging in regular physical
activity, including its impact on physical health, mental well-being, and the
prevention of chronic diseases.
Firstly, regular physical activity
is paramount for maintaining optimal physical health. Exercise is closely
linked to the prevention of various cardiovascular diseases, such as heart
attacks and strokes. Engaging in activities that elevate the heart rate and
promote cardiovascular endurance helps to strengthen the heart, improve blood
circulation, and regulate blood pressure. Additionally, physical activity is
instrumental in maintaining a healthy weight, reducing the risk of obesity
and related conditions, including diabetes.
Furthermore, the positive effects
of physical activity extend beyond the physical realm, encompassing mental
well-being. Exercise has been proven to alleviate stress, anxiety, and
depression by triggering the release of endorphins, the body's natural mood
enhancers. Moreover, regular physical activity is associated with improved
cognitive function and a reduced risk of neurodegenerative diseases,
contributing to enhanced mental acuity and longevity.
Another crucial aspect is the
prevention of chronic diseases through regular physical activity. Numerous
studies have demonstrated the correlation between a sedentary lifestyle and
the development of chronic conditions, including certain types of cancer,
osteoporosis, and metabolic disorders. Engaging in regular exercise
strengthens the immune system, reduces inflammation, and enhances the body's
ability to ward off illnesses, contributing significantly to disease
prevention.
|
|
Questions 1-5 Complete
the sentences below. Choose
ONLY ONE WORD from the passage for
each answer. Write
your answers in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet. Regular
exercise is crucial for maintaining the best physical health, preventing ……1……. disorders like heart attacks and
strokes, and promoting cardiovascular endurance. It also helps maintain a ……2……. weight, reducing the risk of
obesity and related conditions like……3….
By causing the production of……4…….,
physical activity also improves mental health by reducing stress, anxiety,
and depression. Regular physical activity is associated with improved ……5……. function and a reduced risk of
neurodegenerative diseases, contributing to enhanced mental acuity and
longevity. Questions 6-10 Do
the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage
1? In
boxes 6-10 on your answer sheet, write TRUE if the statement agrees with the
information FALSE if the statement contradicts
the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this 6.
Exercise doesn’t assist in releasing endorphins, the body's natural mood
boosters. 7.
Frequent physical activity helps people live longer. 8.
There is the
correlation between a sedentary lifestyle and the development of regular
exercise. 9.
Participating in regular exercise improves the immune system. |
Thứ Ba, 2 tháng 1, 2024
Reading pactice - Topic "physical activity" 2
The Benefits of
Regular Exercise
Regular exercise is often touted as a key factor in
maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Not only does it contribute to physical
well-being, but it also has numerous mental health benefits. Many studies have
explored the positive impact of regular physical activity on both the body and
the mind.
Exercise is known to enhance cardiovascular health, reduce
the risk of chronic diseases, and maintain a healthy weight. Moreover, it plays
a crucial role in improving cognitive functions, such as memory and
concentration. Individuals who engage in consistent physical activity are often
found to have lower levels of stress and anxiety.
Despite these benefits, some people find it challenging to
incorporate regular exercise into their daily routine. Work commitments, lack
of motivation, and a sedentary lifestyle are common barriers. However, making
small changes, such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator or going for a
brisk walk during lunch breaks, can significantly contribute to overall
well-being.
Questions 1-5
Do the following statements agree with the information given
in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the
information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the
information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
1. Engaging in regular physical activity is linked to
multiple mental health benefits.
2. Exercise is effective in reducing the risk of chronic
diseases.
3. People who exercise regularly tend to have higher stress
levels.
4. Some individuals
struggle to include exercise in their daily routine due to their laziness.
5. Making small
changes in daily habits cannot contribute to overall well-being.
Questions 6-10
Complete the sentences below.
Choose ONLY ONE WORD
from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.
6. Engaging in consistent physical activity has been shown
to enhance __________ health.
7. Exercise is known to improve cognitive functions,
including __________ and concentration.
8. Although there are many health benefits, some individuals
find it hard to incorporate __________ into their daily routine.
9. Being unmotivated and a nonstandard lifestyle are popular
__________ to regular exercise.
10. Taking the stairs instead of the elevator and going for
a brisk walk during lunch breaks are examples of small changes that can
contribute to overall
The Benefits of
Regular Exercise 2
Exercise plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy lifestyle.
Whether it's a brisk walk in the park or an intense workout at the gym,
engaging in physical activity has numerous advantages for both the body and the
mind. In this passage, we will explore the various benefits of regular exercise
and how it contributes to overall well-being.
Exercise is not just about shedding extra pounds; it also
helps improve cardiovascular health. Regular workout improves the heart health,
lowers blood pressure, and enhances circulation. Furthermore, exercise aids in
maintaining a healthy weight, reducing the risk of obesity-related diseases
such as diabetes and certain types of cancer.
In addition to physical benefits, exercise has a profound
impact on mental health. When you engage in physical activity, your body
releases endorphins, often referred to as "feel-good" hormones. These
endorphins act as natural mood lifters, reducing stress and anxiety levels.
Moreover, regular exercise has been linked to improved cognitive function and a
lower risk of developing age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
While the benefits of exercise are well-established, it's
essential to find activities that suit your preferences and lifestyle. Some
people thrive in group classes, such as aerobics or spin, while others prefer
the solitude of a morning jog. The key is to find an activity that you enjoy,
making it more likely that you'll stick with it in the long run.
Questions 1-5
Complete the sentences below.
Choose ONLY ONE WORD
from the passage for each answer.
1.
Doing exercise is important for keeping a
________ lifestyle.
2.
Involving in physical activity has many benefits
for both the ________ and the mental heath.
3.
Regular physical activity strengthens the heart,
lowers blood ________, and enhances circulation.
4.
Exercise helps remain a healthy ________, mitigating
the danger of obesity-related diseases.
5.
When you paricipate in doing exercise, your body
produces endorphins, often known as "________" hormones.
Questions 6-10
Do the following statements agree with the information given
in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 6-10 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the
information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the
information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
6.
Exercise is solely about making you more
motivated.
7.
Regular physical activity is linked to a higher
risk of developing obesity-related diseases.
8.
Endorphins, released during exercise, act as
natural mood lifters.
9.
Engaging in physical activity has no impact on
mental health.
10.
It is essential to find an exercise activity
that suits your preferences and lifestyle.
Reading practice - Topic "physical activity"
Enhancing Physical Well-being
In a contemporary society characterized by sedentary habits
and occupations tethered to desks, the significance of elevating one's fitness
level has become increasingly conspicuous. Individuals are actively seeking
effective methods to enhance their physical well-being and overall health. In
this passage, we will delve into diverse strategies aimed at ameliorating
fitness and sustaining a wholesome lifestyle.
Regular physical activity stands as a cornerstone of any
regimen seeking to enhance fitness. Participation in exercises such as jogging,
swimming, or resistance training serves to augment cardiovascular endurance,
fortify musculature, and boost suppleness. Additionally, engaging in exercise
facilitates the release of endorphins, contributing to an optimistic mood and
alleviating stress.
In tandem with physical exertion, nutritional considerations
play a pivotal role in the endeavor to enhance fitness. A well-rounded dietary
intake, encompassing a spectrum of nutrients, is imperative for optimal
performance during workouts and holistic health. Proteins, carbohydrates, fats,
as well as essential vitamins and minerals collectively underpin the body's
ability to function efficiently and recover proficiently post-exercise.
Establishing pragmatic fitness objectives constitutes
another fundamental facet of a comprehensive improvement plan. Whether aspiring
towards weight management, muscle augmentation, or heightened endurance,
delineating achievable benchmarks fosters motivation and provides a sense of
purpose. Monitoring progress, commemorating milestones, and adapting goals as
necessary are integral components of a triumphant fitness expedition.
Moreover, sufficient repose and convalescence, aspects often
underestimated, are intrinsic to the process of augmenting fitness. Sleep, in
particular, emerges as a pivotal period for the body's regeneration and repair,
especially following periods of intensified physical exertion. Ensuring a restful
night's sleep and incorporating designated recuperation days into a workout
regimen forestall burnout and diminish the susceptibility to injuries.
Finally, maintaining adequate hydration assumes paramount
importance in optimizing physical performance. Water, an indispensable element
in myriad physiological functions, including thermoregulation and the
conveyance of nutrients, plays a pivotal role. Dehydration, conversely, can
detrimentally impact exercise efficacy and compromise the body's recuperative
capacity.
True/False/Not Given Questions:
1. In
contemporary society, people are actively avoiding strategies to improve their
fitness.
2. Engaging
in exercises such as jogging contributes to an increase in cardiovascular
endurance.
3. Nutritional
considerations play a minor role in the pursuit of enhanced fitness.
4. Monitoring
progress and adapting goals are insignificant in the realm of personal relationships.
5. Dehydration
can positively impact exercise efficacy and aid in the body's recuperative
capacity.
Gap filling
6. In
today's society, characterized by sedentary behaviors and occupations tied to
desks, the importance of improving one's fitness level has become increasingly
__________.
7. Individuals
are actively searching for effective ways to __________ their physical
well-being and overall health.
8. This
passage explores various strategies aimed at __________ fitness and maintaining
a healthy lifestyle.
9. Participation
in exercises such as jogging, swimming, or resistance training serves to
enhance __________, strengthen muscles, and improve flexibility.
10. Engaging
in exercise not only improves physical health but also leads to the release of
endorphins, which contribute to a positive mood and the __________ of stress.
11. Nutritional
considerations play a crucial role in the effort to improve fitness, with a
well-rounded dietary intake being essential for optimal performance during
workouts and __________ health.
12. Proteins,
carbohydrates, fats, and essential vitamins and minerals collectively support
the body's ability to function efficiently and recover effectively __________
exercise.
13. Setting
practical fitness objectives is another fundamental aspect of a comprehensive
improvement plan, fostering motivation and providing a clear __________.
14. Monitoring
progress, celebrating milestones, and adjusting goals as needed are integral
components of a __________ fitness journey.
15. Sufficient
rest and recuperation, often underestimated aspects, are intrinsic to the
process of __________ fitness. Sleep, in particular, is crucial for the body's
regeneration and repair, especially after periods of heightened physical
exertion.
Thứ Ba, 5 tháng 12, 2023
READING PASSAGE 1 (4)
The Benefits of Regular Exercise
Regular exercise is often touted as a key factor in
maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Not only does it contribute to physical
well-being, but it also has numerous mental health benefits. Many studies have
explored the positive impact of regular physical activity on both the body and
the mind.
Exercise is known to enhance cardiovascular health, reduce
the risk of chronic diseases, and maintain a healthy weight. Moreover, it plays
a crucial role in improving cognitive functions, such as memory and
concentration. Individuals who engage in consistent physical activity are often
found to have lower levels of stress and anxiety.
Despite these benefits, some people find it challenging to
incorporate regular exercise into their daily routine. Work commitments, lack of
motivation, and a sedentary lifestyle are common barriers. However, making
small changes, such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator or going for a
brisk walk during lunch breaks, can significantly contribute to overall
well-being.
Questions 1-5
Do the following statements agree with the information given
in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if
the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if
the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there
is no information on this
1. Engaging in regular physical activity is linked to
multiple mental health benefits.
2. Exercise is effective in reducing the risk of chronic
diseases.
3. People who exercise regularly tend to have higher stress
levels.
4. Some individuals
struggle to include exercise in their daily routine due to their laziness.
5. Making small
changes in daily habits cannot contribute to overall well-being.
Questions 6-10
Complete the sentences below.
Choose ONLY ONE WORD from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.
6. Engaging in consistent physical activity has been shown
to enhance __________ health.
7. Exercise is known to improve cognitive functions,
including __________ and concentration.
8. Although there are many health benefits, some individuals
find it hard to incorporate __________ into their daily routine.
9. Being unmotivated and a nonstandard lifestyle are popular
__________ to regular exercise.
10. Taking the stairs instead of the elevator and going for
a brisk walk during lunch breaks are examples of small changes that can
contribute to overall
The Benefits of Regular Exercise
Regular exercise is often touted as a key factor in
maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Not only does it contribute to physical
well-being, but it also has numerous mental health benefits. Many studies have
explored the positive impact of regular physical activity on both the body and
the mind.
Exercise is known to enhance cardiovascular health, reduce
the risk of chronic diseases, and maintain a healthy weight. Moreover, it plays
a crucial role in improving cognitive functions, such as memory and
concentration. Individuals who engage in consistent physical activity are often
found to have lower levels of stress and anxiety.
Despite these benefits, some people find it challenging to
incorporate regular exercise into their daily routine. Work commitments, lack of
motivation, and a sedentary lifestyle are common barriers. However, making
small changes, such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator or going for a
brisk walk during lunch breaks, can significantly contribute to overall
well-being.
Questions 1-5
Do the following statements agree with the information given
in Reading Passage 1?
In boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet, write
TRUE if
the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if
the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there
is no information on this
1. Engaging in regular physical activity is linked to
multiple mental health benefits.
2. Exercise is effective in reducing the risk of chronic
diseases.
3. People who exercise regularly tend to have higher stress
levels.
4. Some individuals
struggle to include exercise in their daily routine due to their laziness.
5. Making small
changes in daily habits cannot contribute to overall well-being.
Questions 6-10
Complete the sentences below.
Choose ONLY ONE WORD from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet.
6. Engaging in consistent physical activity has been shown
to enhance __________ health.
7. Exercise is known to improve cognitive functions,
including __________ and concentration.
8. Although there are many health benefits, some individuals
find it hard to incorporate __________ into their daily routine.
9. Being unmotivated and a nonstandard lifestyle are popular
__________ to regular exercise.
10. Taking the stairs instead of the elevator and going for
a brisk walk during lunch breaks are examples of small changes that can
contribute to overall
VOCABULARY
- B2 LEVEL
- Striking - Nổi bật
- Resplendently - Rực rỡ, tráng lệ
- Aeroponic - Thủy canh không đất
- Vast - Rộng lớn
- Flourishing - Phồn thịnh
- Virtuous - Đạo đức, có đức tính
- Crucially - Quan trọng, quyết định
- Feasible - Khả thi
- Circulated - Lưu thông
- Intensively - Căng thẳng, chặt chẽ
- Constraints - Ràng buộc
- Capacities - Năng lực
- Substantial - Đáng kể, đáng chú ý
- Pesticides - Thuốc trừ sâu, thuốc diệt cỏ
- Greenhouse gases - Khí nhà kính
- Enriched - Phong phú, giàu có
- Varieties - Đa dạng, loại
- Sustainable - Bền vững
- Advantages - Ưu điểm
- Consumption - Tiêu thụ
-
1. The __________ colors of the sunset painted the sky in hues of orange and pink.
2. The __________ garden was filled with a diverse array of blooming flowers.
3. The __________ system used in the farm allowed plants to grow without soil.
4. The forest was so __________ that it seemed to stretch on endlessly.
5. Living a __________ lifestyle involves making environmentally friendly choices.
6. It is __________ for us to consider the impact of our actions on the environment.
7. __________, the success of the project depends on careful planning and execution.
8. Finding a solution that is both effective and __________ can be challenging.
9. Information about the new initiative was widely __________ among the community.
10. The team worked __________ to meet the tight deadlines and complete the project.
11. Despite the __________ of budget and time, the team delivered an outstanding result.
12. The __________ of the rainforest is home to a vast array of plant and animal species.
13. Using fewer __________ in agriculture can have positive effects on the environment.
14. The __________ in the atmosphere contribute to the warming of the Earth.
15. The water in the reservoir was __________ with essential nutrients for the aquatic life.
16. The market offers a wide __________ of fruits and vegetables from local farmers.
17. Developing __________ energy sources is crucial for a sustainable future.
18. Understanding the __________ of the new technology is essential before implementation.
19. One of the __________ of urban farming is the ability to produce food locally.
20. Responsible __________ is key to reducing our ecological footprint.
- B1 LEVEL
- Exhibition - Triển lãm
- Rooftop - Sân thượng
- Abundantly - Một cách phong phú
- Plastic - Nhựa
- Vertical - Dọc
- Identical - Giống hệt
- Nearby - Gần đây
- Trays - Khay
- Coconut - Dừa
- Experimenting - Thử nghiệm
- Engineer - Kỹ sư
- Development - Phát triển
- Enquiries - Yêu cầu thông tin
- Produce - Sản xuất
- Crops - Vụ mùa
- Harvested - Thu hoạch
- Consuming - Tiêu thụ
- Fraction - Phần nhỏ
- Versatile - Linh hoạt
- Focus - Tập trung
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